opracowane na podstawie Longman English Grammar by L.G. Alexander,
I. Inversion after adverbs
A. Inversion after adverbs of place: here, there
e.g.
Here comes a taxi!
Down came the rain and up went the umbrellas!
There’s your little brother!
but
Here it comes!
There she is!

B. Inversion after adverbials of place with verbs of position or motion
e.g.
At the top of the hill stood the tiny chapel.
In the distance could be seen the purple mountains.

C. Inversion after some adverbial expressions that are directly negative or that suggests a negative – with the use of an auxiliary verb
in no circumstances
least of all
hardly … when
hardly ever
not infrequently
in no way
not otherwise
not only
scarcely … when
(very) rarely
(very) seldom
(still/much/even) less
only
not a (word/soul)
not (often/until/as)
neither, nor
by no means
no (longer/sooner)
at no time
little
never
nowhere
on no account
such

so to such (an extend/a degree/ extremes)
e.g.
Not a single word did he say for a whole hour.
Never had she seen anything like it before.
In no country will you be offered stronger coffee than in Italy.
I did not like it and neither did she.


II. Inversion with a verb of movement or position in simple present or simple past – does not use an auxiliary verb
e.g.
Best of all was the Christmas pudding.
Last but not least walked my grandfather bearing a large bird-cage.
After the war came the problem of rehabilitation.

III. Inversions with adverbs at the beginning and a verb of movement in simple past, simple present or imperative
e.g.
Off you go!
Away went coach and horses at full speed.

IV. Inversion after direct speech
e.g.
‘Any more fares, please?’ asked the conductor
but
‘Any more fares, please? he asked.
‘Any more fares, please? the conductor asked cheerfully
‘Any more fares, please? the conductor said to us.

V. Inversion in conditional sentences with should, were, had
e.g.
Should you be interested in our offer, please contact us.
Should you not wish our agent to call. Please let us know.
Were it not for your help, I would still be homeless.
Were it not for the fact that you helped me, I would be homeless.
Were the government to cut VAT, prices would fall.
Had the management acted sooner, the strike wouldn’t have happened.
Had it not been for the unusually bad weather, the rescue party would have been able to save the stranded climber.

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